Phytopharmacy Research

Wounds are major case of physical disabilities. A wound which is disturbed state of tissue caused by physical, chemical, microbial (or) immunological insults (or) typically associated with loss function. From the results it was clear that the formulated herbal ointment have antimicrobial activity, that the plant extract have potent antimicrobial activity against E.coli at different concentrations Excision wounds were created in rats to study the epithelization period, scar area and rate of wound contract, the measurement of progress of wound healing induced by reference drug, (5% povidone iodine ointment), two herbal test formulations viz., formulation (5% lagerstroemia microcarpa extract ointment). Day of fall of Escher indicated the Epithelization period and scar area was noted on the same day. Wound area was noted from the day of wounding and subsequently at regular time intervals, i.e. 3rd , 6th, 9th, day and then up to 18th day or till complete Epithelization period of study. On the 12th day wound areas were measured to be 224.3 ± 2.23 mm2, 261.3±1.36 mm2 in animals respectively. From 15th day onwards, we have observed the complete closure of wound in ointment treated and reference ointment (povidone iodine ointment) treated groups. Complete closure of wound was observed in Group IV, on the 18th day. On the 18th day, the average wound areas measured animals were found to be 111.5±1.73 mm2 and 11.3±1.36 mm2 respectively. From the above research work it was clear that, the selected plant lagerstroemia microcarpa has potent antimicrobial and wound healing activity. Phytochemical test showed the presence of Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Proteins & Amino acids, Phenols, Diterpenes and Saponins, Alkaloid was found to absent in extract lagerstroemia microcarpa which indicates the presence of phenols and flavonoids in higher percentage .The Isolation and characterization and various instrumental analysis were required for further studies.

Phytochemical characterization and FTIR analysis of Phyllanthus amarus hydro alcoholic extract. Ethanobotanical survey of selected whole plant, preparation of hydroalcoholic extract, phytochemical evaluation of Phyllanthus amarus. Collection and authentication of plant material was conducted. Physiochemical characteristics were carried out with reference to the Quality Control Methods for Herbal Material WHO (2011). It contains several phytochemical constituents. The hydroalcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus was prepared by maceration with a ratio of 70:30 v/v. TLC was performed to separate the constituents present in the plant extract. It was done by using silica gel G as stationary phase and two different mobile phase were chosen, chloroform: methanol: acetic acid (90:10:1) and chloroform: methanol: water (190:11:1). It was visualized under UV chamber (254&366nm). FTIR analysis was conducted to detect the changes of major functional groups and done by using KBr pressed pellet technique. Physiochemical analysis and phytochemical screening was performed according to standard procedure. Ash va lues, Extractive values, Chemical tests, TLC and FTIR showed satisfactory results when compared to the standard values. All the minute details and information on P. amarus as presented in this review provide detailed evidence for the use of this potent medicinal plant in different diseases such as hepatitis, cough, diuretic, menstruation problem and dysentery, diabetes, hyperuricemia, analgesia, vasoconstriction, hepatotoxicity and also be further explored in the future as a source of useful phytochemicals for the pharmaceutical industry

The plants provided food, clothing, shelter, and medicine. Much of the medicinal use of plants seems to have been developed through observations of wild animals and by trial and error. As time went on, each tribe added the medicinal power of herbs in their area to its knowledge base. A wound is a type of damage in which in the skin is ragged, cut or punctured (an open wound), or where blunt force trauma causes a contusion (a closed wound) in pathology, it exclusively refers to a sharp injury, which injure the dermis of the skin. Wound may be defined as loss or breaking of cellular & anatomical or functional activity of living tissues. Based on traditional literature, it revealed that there are few phytochemicals are reported such as flavonoids, polyphenols are responsible for wound healing activity, so it was hypothesized that Gentiana diffusa may have wound healing activity

Dodonaea viscosa is commonly called as hop seed bush in English and virali in Tamil. It is a common plant of tropical and sub-tropical regions. All the plant parts are medicinally useful but the leaf part has been extensively used. The leaf is also consumed by our ancients in day to day cooking and also to cure various diseases. The plant was found to contain almost all the primary & secondary metabolites and is used in our traditional medicine as anti-diabetic, febrifuge, anti-inflammatory, etc. Hence by viewing the above criteria, the present study aims to prepare a review & cover the entire details of the Dodonaea viscosa.

The rationale for the evident therapeutic potential of the proposed plant drug in the folkloric literature and scientifically proven, the current study was aimed to investigate the analgesic potential of plant extracts. So it is hypothesized that plant extracts may have analgesic activity. The study findings potentiate the pharmacological basis to use the plant as an alternative source of an analgesic to reduce pain as well as to develop a novel analgesic strategy in folk and complementary medicine

The present study with Hydroalcoholic flower extract of Calotropis procera revealed that it has significant anti-ulcer activity. Usually, NSAIDs and corticosteroids are widely used in clinical practice as anti-inflammatory agents. With the exception of newer highly selective COX-2 inhibitors, NSAID’s and corticosteroids produce significant gastric irritation resulting in gastritis and gastric ulceration, especially on long-term treatment. Present study revealed that Hydroalcoholic flower extract of Calotropis procera has ulcer protective properties. Previous studies showed its potent anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, it can be consider as anideal substitute for conventional NSAIDs and glucocotricoids. Further studies have to be conducted to explain precisely the mechanism of action of this drug. Hydroalcoholic flower extract of Calotropis procera has an antiulcer effect. It increased healing of indomethacin induced ulcer

The study examines macroscopic and microscopic features of the plant, physiochemical constants, as well as phytochemical compositions. Folklore and Indian traditional medicine recognize Eclipta Prostrata as a medicinal plant of great value, but its use is relatively underexplored in the literature. As a result of the powder microscopy, essential structures such as epidermis, trachea, fibers of lignified material, oil glands, and the cork cells could be observed. The ash value, extractive values, and foaming index were determined in order to determine physiochemical constants. After using successive solvent extractions, the ethanol extract yielded 6.02% weight-to-weight after successive solvent extractions. An in-vitro study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the ethanolic extract on HMG-CoA reductase and the effects on cholesterol levels. A 46.04 g/ml IC50 value was found for the test sample (HCAS) and a 10.89 g/ml IC50 value was found for the standard drug Atorvastatin. According to these findings, Eclipta Prostrata may have a role to play in the management of hyperlipidemia in the future. These standards can distinguish plants from related species based on their pharmacognostical properties. In this study, useful insights are provided into the medicinal properties of Eclipta Prostrata, emphasizing the potential hypolipidemic effects of this plant